Tracking the smoking gene

With a ban on smoking in enclosed public places in England around the corner, now might be the time to kick the habit. But with so many treatments to help you quit, it can be difficult to choose -hypnosis, patches, medications, willpower? Now, however, one of the first "lifestyle" genetic tests is available, claiming to help identify exactly what approach is best for your genetic make-up, and to tailor a quit strategy to fit. It's called NicoTest. It sounds a like godsend, but scientists are less than unanimous about its benefits. The test has raised new questions about whether our high hopes about genetic testing have started a bandwagon that is beginning to run out of control

All the world's a screen.

Charlotte Gould and Paul Sermon developed and presented this collaborative new artwork entitled 'All the World's a Screen', a live interactive telecommunications performance, to link public audiences in Manchester and Barcelona. On the evening of Saturday 28th May 2011 participants at MadLab in Manchester's Northern Quarter and Hangar Artist Studios in Poblenou, Barcelona were joined together on screen for the first time to create their very own interactive generative cinema experience, complete with sets, costumes and props. Employing the scenography techniques of Alfred Hitchcock the artists created a miniature film set in which the remote audiences acted and directed their own movie, transporting participants into animated environments and sets where they created unique personalised narratives

Intelligence of very preterm or very low birthweight infants in young adulthood

Contains fulltext : 80142.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of intrauterine and neonatal growth, prematurity and personal and environmental risk factors on intelligence in adulthood in survivors of the early neonatal intensive care era. METHODS: A large geographically based cohort comprised 94% of all babies born alive in the Netherlands in 1983 with a gestational age below 32 weeks and/or a birth weight >1500 g (POPS study). Intelligence was assessed in 596 participants at 19 years of age. Intrauterine and neonatal growth were assessed at birth and 3 months of corrected age. Environmental and personal risk factors were maternal age, education of the parent, sex and origin. RESULTS: The mean (SD) IQ of the cohort was 97.8 (15.6). In multiple regression analysis, participants with highly educated parents had a 14.2-point higher IQ than those with less well-educated parents. A 1 SD increase in birth weight was associated with a 2.6-point higher IQ, and a 1-week increase in gestational age was associated with a 1.3-point higher IQ. Participants born to young mothers (<25 years) had a 2.7-point lower IQ, and men had a 2.1-point higher IQ than women. The effect on intelligence after early (symmetric) intrauterine growth retardation was more pronounced than after later (asymmetric) intrauterine or neonatal growth retardation. These differences in mean IQ remained when participants with overt handicaps were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: Prematurity as well as the timing of growth retardation are important for later intelligence. Parental education, however, best predicted later intelligence in very preterm or very low birthweight infants

No association between glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms and long-term respiratory outcome after very preterm birth

Developmen

[Twenty-five week limit for viability of the foetus is ethically correct],25 weken als grens voor levensvatbaarheid van de vrucht: ethisch juist.

Contains fulltext : 48306.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)The outcome in relation to survival and handicaps of premature infants born before 25 weeks gestational age is extremely poor. Treatment for this category of patients means benefiting a tiny minority but also inflicting damage to a much larger group of children. For this reason the policy of treating only infants from 25 weeks gestational age should be supported

[Vitamin deficiencies in breastfed children due to maternal dietary deficiency]

Dietary deficiencies of vitamin B12 and vitamin D during pregnancy and lactation may result in health problems in exclusively breastfed infants. Vitamin-B12 deficiency in these infants results in irritability, anorexia and failure to thrive during the first 4-8 months of life. Severe and permanent neurodevelopmental disturbances may occur. The most at risk for vitamin-B12 deficiency are breast-fed infants ofveganist and vegetarian mothers. Mothers who cover their skin prevent exposure to the sun and may consequently be at risk for vitamin-D deficiency, as well as putting their offspring at risk. In prenatal and perinatal care, it is important to take the maternal dietary history in order to be able to prevent or treat these disorders. Guidelines for obstetrical and neonatal care should include the topic of vitamin deficiency

Perinatale asfyxie

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[End-of-life decisions and reluctant treatment of newborns on the borderline of viability in the Netherlands],[End-of-life decisions and reluctant treatment of newborns on the borderline of viability in the Netherlands]

Contains fulltext : 47951.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)End-of-life decisions are taken in the majority of deaths below one year of age, especially in neonatal intensive-care units. In the Netherlands, the frequency of such decisions has not increased in recent years. Intentional termination of life occurred in 1% of the deaths, which would be about 10 cases each year. However, only 3 such cases are reported to the public prosecutor for review by the responsible physician. Proposals from the government to facilitate reporting of such cases are awaited. Dutch neonatologists are reluctant to administer full neonatal intensive care to extremely preterm infants. Currently, the policy regarding antenatal referral and treatment of extremely preterm infants is being re-evaluated by obstetricians and neonatologists. Behind the stable frequency of end-of-life decisions, difficult ethical issues remain to be solved

[Approaching a child with chronic abdominal pain]

Item does not contain fulltextA detailed anamnesis and a complete physical examination are essential for establishing the cause of recurrent abdominal pain in a child. Often no medical abnormalities will be found and additional diagnostic procedures may be limited. Most cases are functional in nature or have a psychosomatic origin. The recently established Rome II criteria for the classification of functional abdominal pain in children can be used to diagnose this disorder. The literature provides little evidence for the effectiveness of medication in treating functional recurrent abdominal pain